Restauración tipo Endocrown Parte I
Indicación y Preparación Dentaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62172/revfouba.n98.a323Palabras clave:
endocrown, preparacion dentaria, diente endodonticamente tratado, restauracion indirectaResumen
La endocrown es una restauración indirecta destinada a la rehabilitación de la corona de dientes endodónticamente tratados, que se diseña ocupando el espacio de la cámara pulpar y se integra al remanente dentario mediante mecanismos adhesivos. Restituye el núcleo y la estructura coronaria perdida en una sola estructura (monobloque), por lo que el procedimiento restaurador resulta intrínsecamente más simple, rápido y menos costoso en comparación con la técnica convencional de poste y núcleo y reduce las interfases. La indicación principal corresponde a molares tratados endodónticamente con amplia destrucción coronaria y adecuada profundidad de cámara pulpar. Desde el punto de vista biomecánico, las endocrowns favorecen una distribución más homogénea de las tensiones y permiten preservar mayor cantidad de tejido dentario remanente. La preparación dentaria se orienta a la conservación estructural, con reducción oclusal acorde al material restaurador seleccionado, divergencia adecuada de las paredes camerales y sellado de los orificios radiculares. Asimismo, la nivelación del piso pulpar y el relleno de socavados con sustitutos dentinarios contribuyen a optimizar la estabilidad y el comportamiento adhesivo de la restauración. El diseño marginal más difundido corresponde a un hombro plano de 90° (butt joint), aunque existen variaciones que incorporan extensiones axiales cortas. Esta revisión narrativa analiza los fundamentos biomecánicos, las indicaciones clínicas y los principios técnicos asociados al uso de endocrowns, integrando la evidencia científica disponible con el objetivo de orientar la toma de decisiones en la práctica odontológica contemporánea.
Citas
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