Relación Entre las Ciencias Básicas y Clínicas en la Modulación Central del Dolor
Palabras clave:
modulación, dolor, trigemino, plasticidad, sensibilizaciónResumen
Esta revisión busca proporcionar a los profesionales de la salud una mayor comprensión del dolor para su actividad clínica-asistencial. Basados en la hipótesis de neuroplasticidad presentada inicialmente por Ramón y Cajal y la teoría de la compuerta en la vía dolorosa presentada por Melzack y Wall, se ha elaborado una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de abordar la modulación de la vía nociceptiva desde un punto de vista fisiopatológico. Asimismo, se presentan los principales resultados obtenidos durante los últimos años en nuestro laboratorio usando ratas Wistar hembras como modelo de dolor experimental. Finalmente, se describe un circuito original de modulación central a nivel del subnúcleo caudal del trigémino con una visión integral de los componentes del sistema nociceptivo orofacial, para ayudar al clínico a comprender situaciones de sensibilización central con perpetuación del dolor y cómo paulatinamente el sistema nervioso central pone en marcha un sistema de modulación para adaptarse y alcanzar un estado similar al basal.
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