Revisión de los Efectos del Tratamiento con Agonistas y Antagonistas de Receptores de Cannabinoides en un Modelo de Periodontitis Experimental
Palabras clave:
periodontitis, endocannabinoides, agonistas de receptores de cannabinoides, antagonistas de receptores de cannabinoides, osteoprotecciónResumen
La periodontitis es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica que provoca daños sobre los tejidos periodontales y puede llevar a la pérdida de piezas dentarias. Si bien la enfermedad normalmente se inicia por la acumulación de placa bacteriana, que produce efectos nocivos sobre los tejidos, su patogénesis se ve potenciada por varias condiciones individuales entre las que se destaca la propia respuesta inmune/inflamatoria del hospedador, que es capaz de causar efectos deletéreos irreversibles sobre los tejidos de soporte y protección dentaria. La periodontitis, en todas sus formas, requiere de intervención odontológica periódica y de un enfoque multifactorial, por lo tanto, la comunidad científica está ampliamente dedicada a la búsqueda de métodos coadyuvantes que acompañen el tratamiento de la placa bacteriana y la eliminación del cálculo, con el fin de mejorar las condiciones de salud de los pacientes que padecen esta patología de alta incidencia. Las respuestas antiinflamatorias y osteoprotectoras desencadenadas por activación de receptores de cannabinoides en distintos tejidos han llevado a nuestro grupo de investigación a estudiar al sistema endocannabinoide como potencial blanco terapéutico para tratar la periodontitis. En este trabajo se revisan y discuten los resultados obtenidos hasta el momento en modelos experimentales.
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