Efectos de Inducción Recíproca Entre Periodontitis e Hiposalivación. Revisión de la Literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62172/revfouba.n91.a207Palabras clave:
Hiposalivación, Periodontitis, Inflamación, Sistema endocannabinoideResumen
Muchas investigaciones se han ocupado de evaluar la vinculación entre las afecciones bucales y otras funciones o afecciones del organismo. Algunos de esos estudios han sentado precedentes acerca de la influencia mutua que puede existir entre la funcionalidad de las glándulas salivales y la enfermedad periodontal, y cómo la presencia de una condición puede modificar la evolución o inducir la aparición de la otra. El objetivo del presente trabajo es hacer una revisión bibliográfica de las publicaciones científicas que evalúan los efectos de inducción recíproca que existe entre la enfermedad periodontal y la hiposalivación. Trabajos de nuestro grupo y de otros autores demuestran que la hiposalivación reduce la capacidad del organismo para defenderse contra las bacterias patógenas, mantener un ambiente saludable y facilitar la cicatrización en la cavidad bucal, promoviendo los procesos de inflamación y daño tisular gingivoperiodontal. A su vez, varios estudios reportan que la enfermedad periodontal induce cambios en las glándulas salivales y altera el volumen de secreción salival. Por su parte, el sistema endocannabinoide (SEC) muestra estar involucrado tanto en el proceso de secreción salival como en la inflamación y la reabsorción ósea presentes en la enfermedad periodontal, en tanto que la activación de los mecanismos del SEC emerge como una de las vías a través de las cuales se desarrollaría el fenómeno de inducción recíproca.
Citas
Almarhoumi, R., Álvarez, C., Harris, T., Tognoni, C. M., Paster, B. J., Carreras, I., Dedeoglu, A., y Kantarci, A. (2023). Microglial cell response to experimental periodontal disease. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 20(1), 142. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-023-02821-x
Amer, M., Elverdin, J. C., Fernández-Solari, J., Medina, V. A., Chiarenza, A. P., y Vacas, M. I. (2011). Reduced methacholine-induced submandibular salivary secretion in rats with experimental periodontitis. Archives of Oral Biology, 56(5), 421–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.11.004
Andreis, K., Billingsley, J., Naimi Shirazi, K., Wager-Miller, J., Johnson, C., Bradshaw, H., y Straiker, A. (2022). Cannabinoid CB1 receptors regulate salivation. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 14182. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-17987-2
Balcarcel, N. B. (2022). Mecanismos de inducción recíproca entre periodontitis e hiposialia: Estudio del patrón de expresión de los receptores específicos del sistema endocannabinoide en los tejidos orales involucrados [Tesis de Doctorado]. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Buenos Aires, Argentina. https://repositorio.odontologia.uba.ar/items/show/1416
Balcarcel, N. B., Troncoso, G. R., Paitan, J., Astrauskas, J. I., Rodas, J. A., Ossola, C. A., y Fernández-Solari, J. (2021). Evaluation of bone changes produced in experimental periodontitis and hyposalivation. Journal of Dental Research, 100(Spec IssB) (Argentine Division). https://iadr.abstractarchives.com/abstract/lar-iadr2021-3643721/evaluation-of-bone-changes-produced-in-experimental-periodontitis-and-hyposalivation
Bardow, A., Nyvad, B., y Nauntofte, B. (2001). Relationships between medication intake, complaints of dry mouth, salivary flow rate and composition, and the rate of tooth demineralization in situ. Archives of Oral Biology, 46(5), 413–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-9969(01)00003-6
Bellocchio, L., Inchingolo, A. D., Inchingolo, A. M., Lorusso, F., Malcangi, G., Santacroce, L., Scarano, A., Bordea, I. R., Hazballa, D., D'Oria, M. T., Isacco, C. G., Nucci, L., Serpico, R., Tartaglia, G. M., Giovanniello, D., Contaldo, M., Farronato, M., Dipalma, G., y Inchingolo, F. (2021). Cannabinoids drugs and oral health-from recreational side-effects to medicinal purposes: a systematic review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(15), 8329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158329
Berk, L.B., Shivnani, A.T., Small, W. Jr. (2005). Pathophysiology and management of radiation-induced xerostomia. The Journal of Supportive Oncology, 3(3):191-200. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15915820/
Brand, H. S., Ligtenberg, A. J., y Veerman, E. C. (2014). Saliva and wound healing. Monographs in Oral Science, 24, 52–60. https://doi.org/10.1159/000358784
Carmona Rendón, Y., Garzón, H. S., Bueno-Silva, B., Arce, R. M., y Suárez, L. J. (2023). Cannabinoids in Periodontology: Where Are We Now?. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 12(12), 1687. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12121687
Chapple, I. L., y Matthews, J. B. (2007). The role of reactive oxygen and antioxidant species in periodontal tissue destruction. Periodontology 2000, 43(1), 160–232. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.2006.00178.x
Darling, M. R., y Arendorf, T. M. (1993). Effects of cannabis smoking on oral soft tissues. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 21(2), 78–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1993.tb00725.x
Fernández-Solari, J., Barrionuevo, P., y Mastronardi, C. A. (2015). Periodontal Disease and Its Systemic Associated Diseases. Mediators of Inflammation, 2015, 153074. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/153074
Fernández-Solari, J., Prestifilippo, J. P., Vissio, P., Ehrhart-Bornstein, M., Bornstein, S. R., Rettori, V., y Elverdin, J. C. (2009). Anandamide injected into the lateral ventricle of the brain inhibits submandibular salivary secretion by attenuating parasympathetic neurotransmission. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 42(6), 537–544. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-879x2009000600010
González, C. R., Amer, M. A., Vitullo, A. D., González-Calvar, S. I., y Vacas, M. I. (2016). Immunolocalization of the TGFB1 system in submandibular gland fibrosis after experimental periodontitis in rats. Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana: AOL, 29(2), 138–143. http://www.scielo.org.ar/pdf/aol/v29n2/v29n2a06.pdf
Hall, B. E., Zheng, C., Swaim, W. D., Cho, A., Nagineni, C. N., Eckhaus, M. A., Flanders, K. C., Ambudkar, I. S., Baum, B. J., y Kulkarni, A. B. (2010). Conditional overexpression of TGF-beta1 disrupts mouse salivary gland development and function. Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology, 90(4), 543–555. https://doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.2010.5
Humphrey, S. P., y Williamson, R. T. (2001). A review of saliva: normal composition, flow, and function. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 85(2), 162–169. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2001.113778
Konermann, A., Jäger, A., Held, S. A. E., Brossart, P., y Schmöle, A. (2017). In vivo and in vitro identification of endocannabinoid signaling in periodontal tissues and their potential role in local pathophysiology. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 37(8), 1511–1520. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-017-0482-4
Li, X., Kiprowska, M., Kansara, T., Kansara, P., y Li, P. (2022). Neuroinflammation: A Distal Consequence of Periodontitis. Journal of Dental Research, 101(12), 1441–1449. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345221102084
Lomniczi, A., Mohn, C., Faletti, A., Franchi, A., McCann, S. M., Rettori, V., y Elverdin, J. C. (2001). Inhibition of salivary secretion by lipopolysaccharide: possible role of prostaglandins. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 281(2), E405–E411. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.2.E405
Martínez-Nava, G. A., López-Reyes, A., Hernández-Hernández, C., Ruiz-González, V., Llorente-Chávez, A., Saavedra-González, V., Llorente, L., y Hernández-Molina, G. (2023). Characterisation of crevicular fluid microbiota in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 41(12), 2458–2466. https://doi.org/10.55563/clinexprheumatol/k3vx8u
Ossola, C. A., Balcarcel, N. B., Astrauskas, J. I., Bozzini, C., Elverdin, J. C., y Fernández-Solari, J. (2019). A new target to ameliorate the damage of periodontal disease: The role of transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 in contrast to that of specific cannabinoid receptors in rats. Journal of Periodontology, 90(11), 1325–1335. https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.18-0766
Ossola, C. A., Surkin, P. N., Mohn, C. E., Elverdin, J. C., y Fernández-Solari, J. (2016). Anti-Inflammatory and osteoprotective effects of cannabinoid-2 receptor agonist hu-308 in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology, 87(6), 725–734. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2016.150612
Ossola, C. A., Surkin, P. N., Pugnaloni, A., Mohn, C. E., Elverdin, J. C., y Fernandez-Solari, J. (2012). Long-term treatment with methanandamide attenuates LPS-induced periodontitis in rats. Inflammation Research, 61(9), 941–948. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-012-0485-z
Pawlukowska, W., Baumert, B., Meller, A., Dziewulska, A., Zawiślak, A., Grocholewicz, K., Nowacki, P., y Masztalewicz, M. (2022). The influence of periodontal diseases and the stimulation of saliva secretion on the course of the acute phase of ischemic stroke. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(15), 4321. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154321
Pirino, C., Cappai, M. G., Maranesi, M., Tomassoni, D., Giontella, A., Pinna, W., Boiti, C., Kamphues, J., y Dall'Aglio, C. (2018). The presence and distribution of cannabinoid type 1 and 2 receptors in the mandibular gland: The influence of different physical forms of diets on their expression in piglets. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 102(2), e870–e876. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12848
Polverini, P. J. (1995). The pathophysiology of angiogenesis. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine, 6(3), 230–247. https://doi.org/10.1177/10454411950060030501
Prestifilippo, J. P., Fernández-Solari, J., de la Cal, C., Iribarne, M., Suburo, A. M., Rettori, V., McCann, S. M., y Elverdin, J. C. (2006). Inhibition of salivary secretion by activation of cannabinoid receptors. Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood, N.J.), 231(8), 1421–1429. https://doi.org/10.1177/153537020623100816
Prestifilippo, J. P., Fernández-Solari, J., Martinel Lamas, D. J., Rios, C. E., Mohn, C., Perazzo, J. C., Rivera, E. S., Elverdin, J. C., y Medina, V. A. (2016). Pharmacological targeting of histamine H4 receptor in periodontal disease. Oral Diseases, 22(5), 423–429. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12467
Prestifilippo, J. P., Medina, V. A., Mohn, C. E., Rodriguez, P. A., Elverdin, J. C., y Fernandez-Solari, J. (2013). Endocannabinoids mediate hyposalivation induced by inflammogens in the submandibular glands and hypothalamus. Archives of Oral Biology, 58(9), 1251–1259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.04.003
Qian, H., Yi, J., Zhou, J., Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Jin, Z., y Ding, Y. (2013). Activation of cannabinoid receptor CB2 regulates LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and osteoclastogenic gene expression in human periodontal ligament cells. Open Journal of Stomatology, 3(1), 44–51. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojst.2013.31009
Qian, H., Zhao, Y., Peng, Y., Han, C., Li, S., Huo, N., Ding, Y., Duan, Y., Xiong, L., y Sang, H. (2010). Activation of cannabinoid receptor CB2 regulates osteogenic and osteoclastogenic gene expression in human periodontal ligament cells. Journal of Periodontal Research, 45(4), 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.2009.01265.x
Rettori, V., Lomniczi, A., Elverdin, J. C., Suburo, A., Faletti, A., Franchi, A., y McCann, S. M. (2000). Control of salivary secretion by nitric oxide and its role in neuroimmunomodulation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 917, 258–267. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05391.x
Roa, I., y Del Sol, M. (2018). Obesity, salivary glands and oral pathology. Colombia Medica (Cali, Colombia), 49(4), 280–287. https://doi.org/10.25100/cm.v49i3.3919
Tabak, L. A., Levine, M. J., Mandel, I. D., y Ellison, S. A. (1982). Role of salivary mucins in the protection of the oral cavity. Journal of Oral Pathology, 11(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1982.tb00138.x
Taylor, G. W., Loesche, W. J., y Terpenning, M. S. (2000). Impact of oral diseases on systemic health in the elderly: diabetes mellitus and aspiration pneumonia. Journal of Public Health Dentistry, 60(4), 313–320. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2000.tb03341.x
Troncoso, G. R., Balcarcel, N. B., Allamprese, S. G., Mohn, C. E., Elverdin, J. C., y Ossola, C. A. (2020). Saliva y reparación tisular: un natural e inexplorado universo terapéutico. Revista de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, 35(80), 65–84. https://revista.odontologia.uba.ar/index.php/rfouba/article/view/57
Vacas, M. I., Amer, M., Chiarenza, A. P., Luchelli, M. A., Mandalunis, P. M., y Elverdin, J. C. (2008). Influence of submandibulectomy on alveolar bone loss in rats. Journal of Periodontology, 79(6), 1075–1080. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2008.070566
Vazão, A. R., Claudino, L., Pimpinato, P. P., Sampaio, L. V., Fiais, G. A., de Freitas, R. N., Justo, M. P., Brito, V. G. B., Oliveira, S. H. P., Lima, R. R., Cintra, L. T. Â., y Chaves-Neto, A. H. (2024). Experimental apical periodontitis alters salivary biochemical composition and induces local redox state disturbances in the salivary glands of male rats. Clinical Oral Investigations, 28(2), 154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-024-05540-6
Waasdorp, M. (2022). Wat is de bijdrage van speeksel aan wondgenezing? [How does saliva contribute to wound healing?]. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Tandheelkunde, 129(6), 275–278. https://doi.org/10.5177/ntvt.2022.06.21113
Wang, X., Pang, K., Wang, J., Zhang, B., Liu, Z., Lu, S., Xu, X., Zhu, L., Zhou, Z., Niu, M., Gao, J., Li, J., Zhao, F., y Wu, J. (2022). Microbiota dysbiosis in primary Sjögren's syndrome and the ameliorative effect of hydroxychloroquine. Cell Reports, 40(11), 111352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111352
Yang, B., Pang, X., Guan, J., Liu, X., Li, X., Wang, Y., Chen, Z., y Cheng, B. (2023). The association of periodontal diseases and Sjogren's syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, 904638. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.904638
Yucel-Lindberg, T., y Båge, T. (2013). Inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, 15, e7. https://doi.org/10.1017/erm.2013.8
Zhang, Y., Wang, X., Li, H., Ni, C., Du, Z., y Yan, F. (2018). Human oral microbiota and its modulation for oral health. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 99, 883–893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.146
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Revista de la Facultad de Odontologia de la Universidad de Buenos Aires
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
